site ' Green Hvilya '. With my answers to the questions of participants you can see, goto to. here. And for those who have poor command of the Ukrainian language Russian version of the quote:.
Olga Vesnyanka ' Deutsche Welle ': What is the German experience in the development of solar energy would be useful to Ukraine?.
Dmitry Lukomski:. Now our government has already begun to implement some of the legislative initiatives aimed at the development of alternative energy in general and solar energy as its component. But much of it still remains a good and progressive on paper. For example, a green tariff for electricity produced by solar panels, is formally valid, but in practice they still nobody has been able to take advantage of. So I would not start with a blind copy. experience of Germany and other countries. , And with working out the real mechanisms for the implementation of existing laws and regulations.
And after the practice would have borrowed the most effective and adapted to the realities of our experience. This is in general. And speaking specifically, of the. experience in Germany. should adopt a state program to encourage end-user of solar systems (similar to the German program ...
Olga Vesnyanka ' Deutsche Welle ': What should be improved in the legislation that solar energy was developed in Ukraine?.
Dmitry Lukomski:. One of the first candidates for improvement is to develop mechanisms to compensate for the actual producers of ... The law - it is not just a formal document, it must be supported by a system of laws and regulations to ensure the unconditional fulfillment of its. Now the situation is very similar to the VAT refund. On paper, this tax should be returned to exporters without interference, but in practice - there is a set of objective and artificial delays and obstacles. While the state will not be clear and transparent interpretation of the whole chain from the reserve funds in the special fund of the state budget prior to their transfer into the hands of end- products of solar energy, until we get more or less large-scale construction projects of solar power. And without such projects almost never really talk about the development of domestic solar energy market.
Olga Vesnyanka ' Deutsche Welle ': whether to buy in Ukraine solar cells and solar panels, manufactured in Ukraine? .
Dmitry Lukomski:. Yes, in the Ukraine to buy solar cells and batteries. But while small amounts of.
As you know, solar cells are used primarily for the production of solar cells. Such production in Ukraine, there is only one. The company that produces solar panels, its own uses for the solar cells. Thus, a substantial market of solar cells we do not. They buy only enthusiasts and those companies that are planning their own production in the future, solar panels and trying to hold today some empirical research.
With the solar situation is different. This product is used for installations of autonomous systems and backup power facilities. And there are already examples of much more - this solar power plant on the island of Serpents, street lighting in the town of Ostrog,. backup power supply system of gas distribution facilities of technical points ... Systems, solar energy offices, private. cottages and country houses. and much more. It is obvious that now the number of such facilities per capita is relatively low, but the precedent is already there and the number of successful installations will only grow.
How would you rate the amount of installed solar panels in Ukraine ( MW installed capacity)? .
Dmitry Lukomski:. This is a hard question, because the market is very small and some are more or less real statistics no one. I would rate the amount of installed capacity in Ukraine not more than 1 MW. But always there are new objects that use of solar energy. A precedent for the first solar ... I think that in the coming years the market for solar energy will be actively growing.
Anna Wilde: How do you think will be the development of solar energy in Ukraine in the next 10-20 years? .
Dmitry Lukomski:. If we consider the long term, I predict a gradual shift in emphasis from raw materials towards the end products. If big business is seriously interested in this industry, the projected expansion in the vertical direction of high-tech products with a maximum added value. But in the next few years, Ukraine will be more famous still as a provider of silicon, especially if implemented well-known. plans for a plant of semiconductors, declared by the brothers Kluyev.
Anna Wilde: Tell us about large-scale international projects on solar energy, the prospects for their implementation and the possible role of Ukrainian companies.
Dmitry Lukomski:. I believe that on large projects, if any, should tell their initiators. I can only say that I know of several projects, which previously hosted or now Ukraine takes part.
One of the first international project was the development of space satellite program for Egypt. Solar panels for this satellite was designed and manufactured at us. Implemented next project, which I know very well was the project of NATO ... Silicon Technology ... His goal was to implement the latest technologies in the production of solar energy. The result is the production of solar panels, which today operates at the ...
If we consider the future, there may be joint projects to build solar power stations, which will involve local companies ActivSolar,. SolarUA. , Quasar and foreign companies who have practical experience in implementing such projects. Ukrainian companies can act as suppliers of components and media experience in today's challenging environment of our state. Also, we still have great potential to engage in basic research. Now I am aware of several international projects to develop new high-performance solar cells and improve the design process. The customers of these studies serve both domestic and foreign companies. In addition, work together to improve the individual solar cells.
Alexander Knyazev: When solar panels become more affordable? .
Dmitry Lukomski:. Solar cells and so are becoming more affordable every day. If we analyze how varied the price of electricity produced with their help, we can see that she is constantly decreasing. I think in the next 5-10 years, prices will fall to a level where the use of solar panels will be interesting without the use of special tools or subsidized green tariffs. Time is now constrained by a decrease in prices of raw material cost - namely, the cost of silicon. Several years ago, the cost soared to $ 200 per kg, and now - has decreased several times. It is predicted that the price of silicon can be reduced even further and will be $ 10-15 per kg. It is this level, I think enough to talk about the wide availability of the classical solar cells.
Galina Romanenko: Please tell us how ordinary people could join the cause of energy conservation, using solar energy to achieve?.
Dmitry Lukomski:. Very simple - set in a system based on solar cells, and thus you reduce the use of traditional energy. And if we talk not only about the photovoltaic solar energy, the appropriate step would be a parallel installation of solar collectors to decrease the consumption of hot water from the central trunk. Like any other big business, energy efficiency starts with very simple things. The main thing - is to set the right goals and to do something, and success - it will come.
For example, I know that in Lviv at the city level to actively start and run various projects on the introduction of alternative systems, but whether these people are related to learning of students? .
Dmitry Lukomski:. Unfortunately, there is not much I'll be able to help. Everyone has their own way, including in terms of education. Once I started with the fact that he studied in solid state physics. Department of Microelectronics and Semiconductor Devices. Department of Electronics, National Technical University of Ukraine ... And I defended his thesis is at the Kiev National University. T. Shevchenko. In those years I was engaged in the development of professional designs and manufacturing technologies of solar cells and batteries. That is my education quite consistent with my work. But renewable energy - this is quite a broad concept. And you can decide not to engage in development or production, as, for example, the introduction of solutions for end users. And it is quite the other way. So to start I would recommend an internship or training in one of the companies working in this area. This is where you can get answers to your questions.
Green Wave: What new technologies are being developed, could provide a breakthrough in solar energy and its cheaper? .
Dmitry Lukomski:. On the ... O thin films, for example, write, and discuss more than 30 years, but further research laboratories and small-scale production, they have not progressed. I would not expect any revolutions in the coming years. Reduction in price is continually. Progress of technology, falling prices for materials and supplies, improving their properties. But all this - the evolution and modernization of the classical silicon technology, which occupies almost 90 % of the market. I am deeply convinced that a breakthrough will happen, but it will happen no sooner than 15-20 years, will be exhausted when the full potential of today's silicon technology. And the future - for new materials that can cheaply and reliably convert solar energy into other forms of energy necessary to mankind. For materials that can be used in this architecture, will be organically connected with the elements of our clothes, will ensure the penetration of solar energy to every corner of our life and lifestyle. It is such an organic combination of functions and properties will be the next revolution in this area.
